Pump Basics
Trouble-Shooting
FAQs
Maintenance Log


On-Line Trouble Shooting Guide 在线故障检修指导

Introduction 说明

In nearly all instances, pump failure is the result of improper installation or operation rather than normal wear. One of the most common causes of pump failure is improper or unnecessary service, often as a result of the operator attempting the service.

几乎在所有一切情况下,不正确安装和运行比起磨损更能引起水泵失效。引起水泵失效的最常见原因是不正确或者不必要的维修所引起的。经常是由于操作者不正确维修所致。

Each time the pump is serviced, the chance of pump failure as a result of improper service increases. The operator should be left with no reason or desire to open the pump for service.

不正确的维修使水泵失效的可能性就会提高。未经许可的人,不得擅自对泵进行维护和修理。

Usually requests for service are not made until the operation of the equipment has become so bad that it usually does not work.

经常需在设备运行得很差之前提出维修申请。

The high pressure pump is generally one of the most dependable and best constructed components in a high pressure cleaner. The well-engineered pump may be installed in a not-so-well engineered system. All pumps have wear parts, which eventually need to be replaced.

一般说来,高压水泵是高压清洗机里最可靠的部件。设计良好的水泵可能被安装设计不良的清洗机系统中。“所有的水泵都有磨损的部件,最后就需要替换”。

In most cases, the high pressure pump is likely to outlast most other components as long as the pump is installed correctly and the system is operated properly. (This is a quote from The Universal Guide to High Pressure and Steam Cleaner Repair.)

大多数情况下,一旦安装正确并且系统操作正确的话,高压水泵有可能使其他各个部件更经久耐用。(引用自“高压和蒸汽清洗修理通则”)

Pump chattering caused by heavy cavitation can be mistaken for a broken connecting rod. To determine if cavitation is the source of the problem, open the upstream chemical injector completely while operating the system. If the noise leaves it is cavitation. If the system does not have an upstream injector hook up a positive feed system to the pump and operate the system.

严重气蚀现象引起的泵振动,可能被误认为连杆破裂。要确定气蚀是不是问题的起源,可在运行系统时是否完全打开药剂注射口。如果噪音消失了,那就是气蚀。如果系统中没有药剂注射器,要给水泵安装机械进料并运行整个系统。

Do not assume that the pump is the problem.  假设水泵没有问题。

Set up a check list.  制定一个检验表单。

Excessive noise:

异常噪声

     

Hot water

热水

Mounting bolts

装配螺栓

Cavitation 气蚀

Vibrations in the system

系统振动

Worn valves

阀门磨损

Worn O-rings

O型环磨损

Belts 带子

Pulleys 滑轮

Bearings 轴承

Connecting rods 连杆

Plunger rod pins 柱塞杆销子

 

Oil leaks:

漏油:

 

Bad seals 封口不好

Red shipping cap has no been removed

红色包装盖未取出

Loss of pressure:

压力降低

 

 

 

Worn nozzle

喷嘴磨损

Bad pressure gauge

劣质压力表

RPM

转每分钟

Valves 阀门

Packings

包装

Valve seat O-rings

O型圈阀座

Inlet pressure or flow

进口压力或流量

 

How to Start 如何开始
Ask the Right Question At the Right Time 在合适的时间问恰当的问题
Isolate the Problem 分类问题
·  Set Up a Diagnostic Procedure 建立一个诊断程序
·  Simple to Hard 从简至易
·  Logical Progression 合理的进展
Use Simple Tools 使用简单的工具
·  Eyes 眼睛
·  Ears 耳朵
·  Nose 鼻子
·  Brain 大脑
Start With Observations 开始观察
·  Physical Inspection and Observations 实查和观察
·  Carefully Observe the Equipment In Operation 设备运行时仔细观察
·  Trace the Fluid Flow 追踪液体流量
Disregard False Impressions 忽略不良影响
Dont Skip Any Steps 不要跳过任何步骤
·  Start At Point A and Finish at Point Z A开始Z点结束
·  Isolate the Problem 分累问题
·  Remember, Problems Can Cause Problems “切记,问题能引发问题”
 
Pump Failures: There Are Several Reasons for Pump Failure, and Most Are Generally Connected with
水泵失效:水泵失效可能有几个原因,大多是和以下有关联
·  Improper Use 不正确的使用
·  Insufficient or Dirty Water 水量不足 水源不净
·  Plugged Filters 过滤器塞住
·  Kinked or Plugged Hoses 软管塞住或打结
·  Cavitation 气蚀
·  Lack of Maintenance 缺少维护
Fluid System 流体系统
NO FLOW: 没有流体
·  No Power to the Pump 水泵没有动力
·  Trigger Gun Not Opening 触犯枪没有开启
·  No Water Source 没有水源
·  Clogged Spray Nozzle 喷嘴阻塞
·  Clogged Inlet Filter 进口滤器阻塞
·  Stuck Float Valve 浮阀卡死
·  Faulty Unloader 减荷器问题
·  Pinched or Clogged Inlet Hose 进口软管收缩或阻塞
·  Inlet Valve(s) Not Open 进口阀门没有开启
LOW PRESSURE, ADEQUATE FLOW: 低压,足够水量:
·  Worn, Incorrect, No Spray Nozzle 喷嘴磨损,型号不对,没有喷嘴
·  Lance on Low Pressure Setting 低压喷管设置
·  Unloader/Regulator Improperly Adjusted 减压器/调节器调节不当
·  Pressure Gauge Inaccurate or Broken 压力表不精准或破损
·  Worn Pump Packings 水泵包装磨损
LOW PRESSURE, LOW FLOW: 低压,低水量
·  Volume Improperly Adjusted 流量调节不当
·  Discharge Leaks 排放口泄漏
·  Chemical Injector Orifice Blocked 化学品注射空闭塞
·  Drive Belts Loose 传动带松动
·  Pump or Motor Not Running at Rated Speed 泵或电机没有按额定转速运转
·  Stripped Pump Drive Coupling 联轴器问题
·  Defective Easy Start Valve 快速启动阀损坏
·  Malfunctioning Motor or Engine 电机或发动机不正常工作
LOW PRESSURE, VERY LOW FLOW: 低压,较低水量
·  Unloader Stuck In Bypass 旁路减压器问题
·  Outlet Restriction 出口限制
·  Clogged Nozzle 喷嘴阻塞
·  Restriction in the High Pressure Hose 高压软管限制
·  Debris in the System 系统碎片
·  Cavitation 气蚀
·  Clogged Inlet Hose or Filter 进口软管阻塞
EXCESSIVE PRESSURE: 超压:
·  Spray Nozzle Too Small 喷雾嘴过小
·  Faulty Pressure Gauge  压力表不完善
·  Unloader/Regulator Improperly Adjusted 减压器/调节器调节不当
·  Faulty Unloader/Regulator 减压器/调节器不完善
PUMP CHATTERS: 水泵振动
·  Air in the System 系统中的空气
·  Chemical Line Not Submerged 化学品管线没有浸没
·  Inlet Line Kinked, Restricted, or Internal Hose Separation 进口管线打结,受限,内部管线分离
·  Inadequate Water Supply 供水不足
·  Float Valve Is Stuck 浮阀黏结
·  Turbulence in the Float/Supply Tank 活动罐/供应罐混乱
·  Cavitation 气蚀
·  Inlet or Inlet Strainer Clogged 进口或进水滤网阻塞
·  Water Supply Too Hot 供水过热
INLET LINE VIBRATION: 进口管线振动
·  Air in the System 系统中的空气
·  Debris in the Valves 阀门碎片
OUTLET LINE VIBRATES: 出口管线振动
·  Air in the System 系统中的空气
·  Debris in the Discharge Valves 排放阀碎片
·  Damaged Pump Packings 水泵包装受损
INLET & OUTLET LINES VIBRATE: 进口管线和出口管线振动
·  Inlet and/or Discharge Valves Fouled 进口和/或排放阀有污垢
·  Other Downstream Restrictions 其他下游限制
·  Air in the System 系统中空气
UNLOADERSIREGULATORS VERY LOW OR NO FLOW:
减压器调节的水量低或没有流量
·  Unloader Stuck In Bypass 旁路减压器黏结
UNLOADER CYCLES WITH SYSTEM UNDER PRESSURE (FLOW UNLOADER): 在压力存在情况下,减压器在系统中循环(流量减压器)
·  Improper Flow 流量不当
·  Nozzle Too Small 喷嘴过小
·  Nozzle Clogged 喷嘴阻塞
·  Improper Unloader Orifice 减压器注孔尺寸不当
·  Unloader Orifice Clogged 减压器注孔阻塞
·  Injector Orifice Clogged注孔阻塞
UNLOADER CYCLES WITH THE SYSTEM IN BYPASS (FLOW UNLOADER): 减压器在旁路系统中循环(流量减压器)
·  No Restriction in the Unloader 减压器没有限制
·  Weep Gun in the System 系统中的水枪
·  Downstream Leakage 下游泄漏
·  Accumulator Downstream 下游蓄电池
UNLOADER PRODUCES SMOOTH FLOW & LOW VOLUME (TRAP UNLOADER): 减压器产生稳定的低流量水流(补集式减压器)
·  Unloader Adjusted Too Low 减压器将流量调节地过低
·  Spray Nozzle Clogged 喷雾嘴阻塞
·  Spray Nozzle Too Small 喷雾嘴过小
·  Injector Orifice Blocked 注孔阻塞
UNLOADER PRODUCES SMOOTH FLOW & LOW VOLUME (FLOW UNLOADER): 减压器产生稳定的低流量水流(流量减压器)
·  Unloader Adjusted Too Low减压器将流量调节地过低
·  Unloader Is Stuck in Bypass 旁路减压器黏结
·  Restriction in the System 系统限制
UNLOADER PRODUCES LOW FLOW & NORMAL PRESSURE (TRAP UNLOADER): 减压器产生低流量水流和正常压力(补集式减压器)
·  Nozzle Too Small 喷嘴过小
UNLOADER PRODUCES LOW FLOW & NORMAL PRESSURE (FLOW UNLOADER): 减压器产生低流量水流和正常压力(流量减压器)
·  Nozzle Too Small 喷嘴过小
UNLOADER PRESSURE INCREASES WHEN THE TRIGGER IS RELEASED (FLOW): 当触发枪释放时,减压器压力增加
·  Unloader Piston is Stuck or Frozen 减压器活塞黏结或冻结
·  Bypass Port Is Clogged or Restricted 旁路抢眼阻塞或受限
·  Excessive Tension on the Main Spring 主弹簧张力过大
LEAKING: 泄漏
·  Leaking from the Inlet: 进口泄漏
·  Bad Inlet Hose Seal 进口软管封口不良
·  Loose Clamps or Connections 夹口或接口松动
·  Leaking from the Float Tank: 浮箱泄露
·  Float Is Full of Water or Stuck 浮子充满水或黏结
·  Leaking from the Pressure Fittings: 压力配件泄漏
·  Fittings Not Tightened or Sealed 配件没有密封
·  Leaking from the Quick Disconnects: 快速拆卸活节头泄露
·  Bad O-Ring O型圈不良
·  Leaking from the Pump: 水泵泄露
·  Bad Low Pressure Seal(s) 不良的低压密封
·  Cracked Plunger 活塞破裂
·  Damaged Manifold 多头导管损坏
·  Leaking from the Trigger Gun: 触发枪泄露
·  Bad Piston O-Ring 不良O型活塞
·  Stripped Connection 接口剥落
·  Leaking from the Nozzle: 喷嘴泄露
·  Weep Gun 水枪
·  Damaged Gun Valve Ball & Seat 水枪阀球座损坏
·  Leaking from the Pop Off Valve: 弹簧安全阀泄露
·  System Over Pressure 系统超压
·  Clogged Nozzle 喷嘴阻塞
·  Trigger Gun Not Working 触发枪不工作
·  Excessive Pressure Spikes 压力道钉过多
·  Wear on the Ball & Seat 球座磨损
Trigger Gun 触发枪
NO FLOW FROM THE NOZZLE WHEN THE TRIGGER IS DEPRESSED: 触发枪降低时,喷嘴没有水流产生
·  Broken Rod in the Trigger Gun 触犯枪中连杆破碎
·  Blockage in the System Past the Trigger Gun 系统中触发枪阻塞
EXCESSIVE PRESSURE WHEN THE TRIGGER GUN IS RELEASED: 触发枪释放时,产生过多压力
·  Excessive Pressure Spike 压力道钉过多
·  Malfunctioning Unloader 减压器不正常工作
FLOW DOES NOT STOP WHEN THE TRIGGER IS RELEASED:
触发器释放时,水流不停止
·  Broken Return Spring 回洞弹簧破碎
·  Debris in the Gun Valve 水枪阀碎片
TRIGGER ACTION STICKS: 制动作用停滞
·  Keeper Is Too Tight 保持器过紧
Chemical System 化学系统
NO CHEMICAL: 没有化学品
·  Chemical Valve Is Closed 化学制品阀关闭
·  Chemical Foot Strainer Is Clogged 化学制品底部滤网阻塞
·  Chemical Line Is Kinked 化学制品管线打结
·  No Adjustment for Low Pressure 低压没有调节
·  Chemical Nozzle Not Sized Properly 化学制品喷嘴大小不正确
·  Wrong Size Chemical Orifice 化学制品注孔尺寸不正确
EXCESSIVE CHEMICAL: 化学制品过剩
·  Valve Improperly Adjusted 阀门调整不当
SPRAY NOZZLE: 喷雾嘴
·  Spray Pattern Irregular.- 物化状态不正常
·  Clogged Nozzle 喷嘴阻塞
·  Worn Nozzle 喷嘴磨损
·  Volume Proper, Pressure Low.- 流量正确,压力低
·  Nozzle Is Too Large 喷嘴太大
·  Internal Nozzle Wear 内部喷嘴磨损
·  Pressure Proper, Volume Low.- 压力正确,流量低
·  Clogged Nozzle 喷嘴阻塞
OIL BETWEEN THE CRANKCASE AND PUMP MANIFOLD:
油轴箱和水泵汇管之间的油
·  Worn Plunger Rod Oil Seals 柱塞杆油封损坏
OIL LEAKING IN THE CRANKSHAFT AREA: 机轴区域有油泄露
·  Worn Crankshaft Oil Seal 机轴油封磨损
·  Bad Bearings 不良轴承
EXCESSIVE PLAY IN THE CRANKSHAFT PULLEY AREA: 机轴皮带轮区域过渡运转
·  Worn Bearings from Excessive Belt Tension 过度皮带张力引起周轴承磨损
OIL FROM UNDER THE CRANKCASE: 机轴下方的油
·  Leaking Plunger Rod, Side Cover, Rear Cover, or Crankshaft Oil Seals Or O-Rings 柱塞杆,侧盖,后罩,或机轴油封或O型环泄露,
LOUD KNOCKING NOISE IN THE PUMP: 水泵发出很响的钉钉子声
·  Pulley Loose on the Crankshaft 机轴化工松散
·  Broken Or Worn Bearing, Connecting Rod, Or Plunger Rod 轴承,连杆,柱塞破损或磨损
·&nbs, p Cavitation 气蚀
FREQUENT OR PREMATURE PACKING FAILURE: 经常性的或过早的包装破损
·  Scored, Damaged, or Worn Plunger 活塞刮伤,受损或磨损
·  Overpressure to the Inlet Manifold 进口多头导管超压
·  Abrasive Material in the Fluid Being Pumped 液压泵磨料
·  Excessive Pressure and/or Temperature of the Fluid Being Pumped 液压泵超压和/或超温
·  Pump Running Dry 水泵在干燥条件下操作
·  Cavitation 气蚀
HIGH CRANKCASE TEMPERATURE: 曲轴箱高温
·  Wrong Oil 油用错
·  Low Oil Level 低油位
·  Old Oil 使用旧油
·  Contaminated Oil 使用污染过的油
·  Oil Breakdown 油崩
WATER IN THE CRANKCASE: 曲轴箱中的水
·  Worn Low Pressure Seals 低压封口磨损
·  Cracked Plunger 活塞破裂
·  Worn Plunger Rod O-Ring O型圈活塞连杆磨损
·  Humid Air Condition 湿空气状态

·  Water Running Over The Pump 水泵水溢出 

TROUBLE SHOOTING QUICK REFERENCE

PROBLEM 问题 POSSIBLE CAUSES 可能产生的原因 REMEDY 措施
 

Pulsation 振动

 

Faulty pulsation damper 减振器不良

 

Check precharge: if low, recharge it or install a new one. 检查预充电装置:如果电压低的话,再冲电或安装一个新的

Low Pressure

压力过低

 

Worn nozzle 喷嘴磨损

 

 

Belt slippage 皮带打滑

 

 

Air leak in inlet plumbing 进口处管子漏气

Relief valve stuck, partially plugged or improperly adjusted valve seat worn

安全阀堵塞塞的过紧或阀座调节不当而磨损

Inlet suction strainer clogged or improperly

进口过滤器阻塞或者不正确使用

Sized

Worn packing. 填料磨损

Abrasives in pumped fluid or

severe cavitation. Inadequate water.

水泵打上来的液体研磨或者严重的气蚀。水量不足

Fouled or dirty inlet or discharge valves.

Worn inlet. discharge valve blocked or dirty.

进口磨损 排放阀阻塞或有赃物

Leaky discharge hose. 配水软管泄露

 

Replace nozzle, of proper size.更换喷嘴或更换喷嘴大小

 

Tighten or replace 加紧或更换

 

Use correct belt. 使用正确的皮带

Disassemble, reseal and reassemble. 分解,重新并重新装配

Clean, adjust relief valve-, check for worn and dirty valve

清洁,调节安全阀,检查是否有磨损和肮脏的阀门

seats. Kit available.

Clean. Use adequate size. Check more frequently.

Install proper filter. Suction at inlet manifold must be

limited to lifting less than 20 feet of water or -8.5 PSI

vacume.

清洗 使用足够大的 尺寸 经常检修安装正确的过滤器。进口多头导管必须要有吸入口,限制提升不超过 20 英寸 水柱或 -8.5 磅 每英寸水柱

Clean inlet and discharge valve assemblies.

清洁进口和重新装配排放阀

Replace worn valves, valve seats and/or discharge hose. 更换磨损的阀门 ,阀座和 / 或排放管

Pump runs extremely rough, pressure very low

水泵在极低压下运行

Restricted inlet or air entering the inlet plumbing

管路受阻或者进水管路进气

Inlot restrictions and/or air leaks. Stuck inlet or

discharge valve.

进口管路受阻,进气或者排放阀磨损。

 

Proper size inlet plumbing. Check for air tight seal.检查进口管路的尺寸是否正确,是否拧紧。

 

Replace worn cup or cups, clean out foreign material,更换磨损的油杯,清除外部的污垢。

 

replace worn valves.更换磨损的阀。

 

Water leakage from under manifold slight leakage 铸造体底部漏水或轻微渗漏

 

Worn packing.填料磨损

 

Install new packing.更换新的填料。

Oil leak between crankcase and Pumping section

油从曲轴箱和泵之间漏出来

Worn crankcase piston rod seals O-rings on

plunger retainer worn.曲轴箱柱塞连杆O型圈磨损或柱塞衬套磨损。

Replace crankcase piston rod seals. Replace O-rings.

更换新的曲轴箱柱塞连杆O型圈。

 

Oil leaking in the area of crankshaft

曲轴箱处有油滴漏

 

Worn crankshaft seal or improperly installed oil曲轴箱油封安装不正确或者损坏。

 

seal-0-ring.O型圈

 

Bad bearing.轴承损坏

Remove oil seal retainer and replace damaged O-ring or seals.

更换新的油封和O型圈。

 

Replace bearing.更换新的轴承

Excessive play in the end of the crankshaft pulley

曲轴箱皮带轮间隙过大

Worn main bearing from excessive tension on drive belt.

驱动轮上的轴承因张力过大而损坏

 

Replace crankcase bearing and/or tension drive belt

更换新的皮带轮并涨紧。

Water in crankcase

曲轴箱进水

May be caused by humid air condensing into

water inside the crankcase.可能由于湿空气被压缩而变水

Worn packing and/or piston rod sieve, O-rings

on plunger retainer worn.

柱塞上的 填料或者活塞连杆,O型圈磨损

 

Change oil intervals, Use any high grade automotive 30 weight nondetergent oil.

更换内部的油,使用车载专用30号油。

Replace packing. Replace O-rings.

更换填料和O型圈

Oil leaking from underside of crankcase

油从曲轴箱的下部滴漏

Worn crankcase piston rod seals.

曲轴箱连杆密封件损坏。

Replace seals.

更换密封

 

Oil leaking at the rear portion of the crankcase

曲轴箱背部漏油

Damaged crankcase, rear cover O-ring, drain plug

O-ring or sight glass O-ring.

曲轴箱损坏,O型圈,放油口损坏。

Replace cover O-ring, drain plug O-ring, or sight glass O-ring.

更换O型圈,放油口O型圈。

Loud knocking noise in pump

泵有大的撞击声

Pulley loose on crankshaft.

Broken or worn bearing.

带轮松掉或者轴承损坏。

Check key and tighten set screw.

Replace bearing.

检查主要的螺丝并拧紧,更换轴承。

Frequent or premature failure of the packing

填料经常性更换失败。

 

Scored, damaged or worn plunger.柱塞刮伤

 

Overpressure to inlet manifold.进口处压力过大

 

Abrasive material in the fluid being pumped.泵那进了固体杂志

Excessive pressure and/or temperature of fluid

being pumped.

泵那的液体压力过大或者温度过大

Over pressure of pumps.

泵压力过大

 

Replace plungers,更换柱塞

 

Reduce inlet pressure.进少进口压力

 

Install proper filtration on pump inlet plumbing.在进口处安装过滤器

 

Check pressures and fluid inlet temperature be sure they are within specified range.检查流体压力和温度并取保他们在可用流体范围内

 

Reduce pressure. 减少压力

 

Do not run pump without water.不要空转。

 

 

 

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